Problem Vocabulary and Prepositions

A.    Commonly Misused word

the following words are often misused by native english speakers as well as nonnative speakers. sometomes the spelling  are so similer that people fail to distinguish between them .others are pronounced exactly the same,but they are spelled differently and have different meanings. words in the letter category are called homonyms. study the words, parts of speech (noun,verb,etc)

definition,and simple sentence in his list.

ANGEL (noun)- a spiritual or heavenly being. the cristmes card portrayed a choir of angels hovering over the shephereds.

ANGEL (noun)- a figure out formed by two lines meeting at a common point. the carpenters placed the plunks at right angle.

B.     Confusingly Related Words

1.      Advice, Advise

Advice : Opinion given someone (noun form)

Advise  : Act of giving an opinion (verb form)

         She can give you a good advice will make you to be a better person

         I can find the best way to advise your brother

2.      Affect, Effect

Affect  : Mean influence (usually a verb)

Effect   : End result of influence (usually a noun)

         This supplement can affect my concentration on work

         The effect of Tsunami was devasting

3.      Save, Safe

Save     : Mean to keep or to save (verb)

Safe     : Mean giving protection (adjective)

         Please save this document

         I feel safe with you

C.    Use of prepositions

Many prepositional phrase seem adverbial in meaning, in that they often indicate time, place, manner, or degree, as adverbs do. However, the same prepositonal phrase may be used as an adjective, an adverb, or a noun.

-       The delegates went for a swim before breakfast. (Adverb)

-       A swim before breakfast is better than one after dinner. (Adjective)

-       Before breakfast is a good time to swim. (Noun)

Prepositional phrases used as adverbs usually follow the verb, though like adverbs, they can be moved to other prepositions in the sentence. Prepositional phrases used as adjectives usually follow the nouns they modify. Prepositional phrases used as nouns will be subject, object, or complement in the sentence.

D.    Verbal idioms

Pada dasarnya yang di maksud dengan idiom adalah suatu susunan kata yang tidak bisa di artikan berdasarkan kata per kata, namun susunan kata yang di artikan berdasarkan makna secara keseluruhan yang telah menjadi kebiasaan dalam berkomunikasi. Sebagai contoh, idiom “after all”, jika di artikan kata per kata maka after all memiliki arti “setelah semuanya”, namun maksud sesungguhnya dari after all adalah “bagaimanapun juga”. Contoh lainnya, idiom “all the same”, jika di artikan terpisah maka all yang berarti “semua”, dan the same yang berarti “sama” atau “kesamaan”, jika di gabung kurang lebih artinya “semua sama” atau “sama semua”, namun bukan itu yang di maksud dengan all the same, maksud sebenarnya dari all the same adalah “namun”.

Contoh Kata dan Kalimat Idiom Dalam Bahasa Inggris

Berikut adalah beberapa contoh kata dan kalimat idiom bahasa inggris yang dapat anda pelajari dan anda hafalkan.

Idiom Bahasa Inggris	Arti	Kalimat Idiom Bahasa Inggris	Arti
A lot of	Beberapa/banyak	I have a lot of apples.	Saya punya banyak apel.
A number of	Beberapa	I have a number of apples.	Saya punya beberapa apel.
A deal of	Beberapa	I eat a deal of rice.	Saya makan beberapa nasi.
All along	Dari semula	I had known all along that he was a prevaricator.	Aku sudah tau dari semula bahwa dia seorang pembohong.
By the way	Ngomong-ngomong	By the way, where do you live?	Ngomong-ngomong, dimana kamu tinggal?
Call on	mengunjungi	My father calls on his friend at the Hospital.	Ayah saya mengunjungi temannya di rumah sakit.
Come on	Ayolah!	Come on, Tria! Dinner with me!	Ayolah, Tria! Makan malam dengan saya!
Fell like	Ada keinginan untuk..	I think Tria fell like dinner with me.	Aku pikir Tria ada keinginan untuk makan malam denganku.
For good	Untuk selamanya	I promised to stop smoking for good.	Saya berjanji berhenti merokok untuk selamanya.
Get home	Sampai di rumah	Dina always gets home before four o’clock.	Dina selalu sampai di rumah sebelum jam empat.
In keeping with	Sesuai dengan	Everything happened in keeping with god’s will.	Segalanya terjadi sesuai dengan kehendak Tuhan.
Look out	Awas	Budi, look out! There is a dog behind you!	Budi, awas! Ada anjing di belakang kamu!
Make it	Berhasil	I hope, I make it in the future.	Saya berharap, saya berhasil di masa depan.
Never mind	Tidak apa-apa	Okay, never mind.	Ok, tak apa-apa.
On hand	Siap di gunakan/dekat	My car is always on hand anytime and anywhere.	Mobil saya siap di gunakan kapan saja dan dimana saja.
Out of the question	Tidak mungkin	He asked for something that out of the question fulfilled.	Dia meminta sesuatu yang tidak mungkin terpenuhi.
Pass the time	Mengisi waktu luang	Thomas usually passes the time by fishing.	Thomas biasanya mengisi waktu luang dengan memancing.
Run out	Habis	Rina disappointed because the ticket has run out.	Rina kecewa karena tiket telah habis.
Set about	Memulai	The police set about interrogating witnesses.	Polisi memulai menginterogasi para saksi.
Take after	Menyerupai	Gunawan’s face take after his mother.	Wajahnya gunawan menyerupai ibunya.

E.Common Combination and Preposition

Adjective (kata sifat) digunakan untuk mendeskripsikan seseorang atau sesuatu.

 penggunaan yang lebih kompleks dengan mengombinasikannya dengan preposition (kata depan) yang berfungsi menghubungkannya dengan suatu objek.

 Kombinasi adjective dan preposition di dalam kalimat digunakan untuk membuat kalimat baru tetapi tidak mengubah arti dari kata kerja seperti halnya dengan kata kerja dua kata.

Tidak semua adjective memiliki “pasangan” preposition dan ada sebagi an adjective yang dapat menggunakan beberapa preposition. Sayangnya tidak ada pola khusus untuk membentuk

count on	(relay on)Can I count on your cooperation in this matter?
deal in	He deals in diamonds and precious stones.
decide against	We thought for a while of buying a large house, but we’ve decided against it, at least for the present.
decide on	We haven’t yet been able to decide on a name of the baby.
defend from (against)	The city is well defended from (against) attack by land or sea but not, of course, from the air.
delight in	He delights in telling jokes about Texas and Texans.
depend on	a. (relay on)You can depend on him to do a good job.b. (be contingent on)My going to the movies with you tonight depends on how soon I can finish my homework.
deprive of	We were deprived of a great many luxuries during the war.
die of	(a disease)He died of a heart attack.
die from	(cause other than disease)He died from falling off the roof.
differ from	a. (have a different size, shape, color, etc)He differs from his brother in both his appearance and his manner.b. (hold a different opinion)I differ from him on a few minor details; but we agree on all the basic issues.
disagree with	I disagree with you completely.
entrust to (intrust)	(delegate responsibility to someone)I’m afraid to entrust anything valuable to him.
entrust with (intrust)	(delegate responsibility for something)I’m afraid to entrust him with anything valuable.
excel in	He is not much of a student, but he excels in all outdoor sports.
excuse from	Can I be excused from class this afternoon?
fall in love with	He fell in love with her at first sight.
furnish in	Their house is furnished in Southern Colonial Style, all except the kitchen, which is strictly modern.
furnish with	They furnished him with all that was necessary for his trip.
guard against	(foresee and prevent)In this work you have to guard against letting your feelings influence your judgment.
guess at	The gauge is broken; we’ll just have to guess at the amount of gas in tank.
hear from	(receive information from.. by various means)We haven’t heard from him since he moved to California.
hear of (about)	a. (know existence of)There may be such a place, but I’ve never heard of (about) it.b. (receive information concerning)Have you heard about (of) Joe’s trip to South America?
hinder from	Don’t let me hinder you from doing your work.  (obstaculizar, entorpecer)
hint at	He couldn’t tell us the real story behind the headlines, but he hinted at it.   (nos dio pistas)
hope for	I’ve been hoping for an answer to the letter I wrote him.
impose on	The weather is so bad you’d better spend the night here.You’re very kind, but I’m afraid I’d be imposing on you.
inflict on	I don’t want to inflict my troubles on you any longer.  (that is, burden you with having to hear about my troubles)
inform against	I don’t like to inform against anybody, but it’s my duty to report this to the authorities.
inquire into	The committee is going to inquire into the possible misuse of public funds in this case.
insist on	I insist on an answer to my question.
interfere in	(take an active but unwanted part in a situation)I’m not going to interfere in their quarrel.  It’s no business of mine.
interfere with	(disturb)Don’t let me interfere with your work.
laugh at	a. (deride) – mofarseIt’s better to have people laugh with you than laugh at you.b. (laugh because of)My wife often laughs at my jokes.
laugh with	(share laughter sympathetically)When we studied a new language we laugh with each other at our mistakes.
lecture on	What subject is the professor going to lecture on today?
listen for	During the war we used to sit in the shelter, listening for all –clear signal to tell us we could go back to work.
listen to	I’d rather listen to music than watch TV.
live for	We should learn to live for other people, not for ourselves.
look at	Would you like to look at these photographs of my children?
look alike	(resemble)Look at that man over there! Doesn’t he look like my brother?
object to	I don’t object to people having fun, but you’re keeping the whole neighborhood awake!
pay for	How much did you pay for that overcoat?
prefer_ to _	I prefer swimming to fishing.He prefers John to his brother.
present (someone)with (something)	When he retired, they presented him with a gold watch. (entregaron)
prevent (someone/thing) with (something)	I tried to prevent the dog from following me, but it was no use.
prohibit from	There are certain parts of the city that military personnel are prohibited from visiting.  They’re off limits.
protect (someone/thing) from (someone/thing)	Put on this coat, it’ll protect you from rain.
punish for	He was punished for a crime he didn’t commit.

Sumber:

http://www.english4dummies.com/content-english-grammar/

http://www.wordsmile.com/contoh-kalimat-adjective-diikuti-preposition

https://www.wordsmile.com/contoh-kalimat-idiom-bahasa-inggris-artinya